Lupulella

Lupulella; Temporal range: Pliocene - recent
	Side-striped and black-backed jackals
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Carnivora
Family:	Canidae
Subfamily:	Caninae
Tribe:	Canini
Subtribe:	Canina
Genus:	Lupulella; Hilzheimer, 1906
Type species
	Canis mesomelas; Schreber, 1775
Extant species
	Lupulella adusta; Lupulella mesomelas;
	Lupulella range; Lupulella adusta; Lupulella mesomelas

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Lupulella is a genus^[2]^[3]^[4] of canine found in Africa.^[5] This genus consists of only two extant species, the black-backed jackal (Lupulella mesomelas) and the side-striped jackal (Lupulella adusta).^[4]^[2]^[3]

Taxonomy

The two species had previously been considered members of the genus Canis. In 2017, a taxonomic review recommended that these two species be recognised as genus Lupulella.^[6] In response to this review, the American Society of Mammalogists recognised the new genus.^[4]

In 2019, a workshop hosted by the IUCN/SSC Canid Specialist Group recommends that because DNA evidence shows the side-striped jackal (Canis adustus) and black-backed jackal (Canis mesomelas) to form a monophyletic lineage that sits outside of the Canis/Cuon/Lycaon clade, that they should be placed in a distinct genus, Lupulella (Hilzheimer, 1906) with the names Lupulella adusta and Lupulella mesomelas.^[2]

Genus **Lupulella** – Schreber, 1775 – two species
Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Side-striped jackal	Lupulella adusta (Sundevall, 1847) Seven subspecies L. a. adusta L. a. bweha L. a. centralis L. a. grayi L. a. kaffensis L. a. lateralis L. a. notatus	central and southern Africa	Size: Habitat: Diet:	LC
Black-backed jackal	Lupulella mesomelas (Schreber, 1775) Two subspecies Cape black-backed jackal, L. m. mesomelas East African black-backed jackal, L. m. schmidti	eastern and southern Africa	Size: Habitat: Diet:	LC

Phylogeny

Cladogram based on genomic data:^[7]

True dogs

Cerdocyonina

Wolf-like canids

Canis/Cuon/Lycaon

Lupulella

	Side-striped jackal

	Black-backed jackal

References

^ Geraads, D. (March 2011). "A revision of the fossil Canidae (Mammalia) of north-western Africa". Palaeontology. 54 (2): 429–446. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2011.01039.x.
^ ^a ^b ^c Alvares, Francisco; Bogdanowicz, Wieslaw; Campbell, Liz A.D.; Godinho, Rachel; Hatlauf, Jennifer; Jhala, Yadvendradev V.; Kitchener, Andrew C.; Koepfli, Klaus-Peter; Krofel, Miha; Moehlman, Patricia D.; Senn, Helen; Sillero-Zubiri, Claudio; Viranta, Suvi; Werhahn, Geraldine (2019). "Old World Canis spp. with taxonomic ambiguity: Workshop conclusions and recommendations. CIBIO. Vairão, Portugal, 28th - 30th May 2019" (PDF). IUCN/SSC Canid Specialist Group. Retrieved 6 March 2020.
^ ^a ^b Castelló, José R. (2018). "Ch2-Wolf-like Canids". Canids of the World: Wolves, Wild Dogs, Foxes, Jackals, Coyotes, and Their Relatives (Princeton Field Guides). Princeton University Press. pp. 160–165. ISBN 978-0691176857.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Mammal Diversity Database". American Society of Mammalogists. Retrieved 28 December 2020.
^ Hoffmann, M. (2014). "Canis adustus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2014: e.T3753A46254734. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T3753A46254734.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^ Viranta, Suvi; Atickem, Anagaw; Werdelin, Lars; Stenseth, Nils Chr. (2017). "Rediscovering a forgotten canid species". BMC Zoology. 2. doi:10.1186/s40850-017-0015-0. hdl:10852/55258.
^ K. Lindblad-Toh, C. M. Wade, T. S. Mikkelsen, E. K. Karlsson, D. B. Jaffe, M. Kamal, M. Clamp, J. L. Chang, E. J. Kulbokas, M. C. Zody, E. Mauceli, X. Xie, M. Breen, R. K. Wayne, E. A. Ostrander, C. P. Ponting, F. Galibert, D. R. Smith, P. J. Dejong, E. Kirkness, P. Alvarez, T. Biagi, W. Brockman, J. Butler, C. W. Chin, A. Cook, J. Cuff, M. J. Daly, D. Decaprio e S. Gnerre, Genome sequence, comparative analysis and haplotype structure of the domestic dog, in Nature, vol. 438, nº 7069, 2005, pp. 803–819, Bibcode:2005Natur.438..803L, DOI:10.1038/nature04338, PMID 16341006.

External links

Data related to Lupulella at Wikispecies

This canid article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[Geraads2011-1] Geraads, D. (March 2011). "A revision of the fossil Canidae (Mammalia) of north-western Africa". Palaeontology. 54 (2): 429–446. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2011.01039.x.

[Alvares2019-2] Alvares, Francisco; Bogdanowicz, Wieslaw; Campbell, Liz A.D.; Godinho, Rachel; Hatlauf, Jennifer; Jhala, Yadvendradev V.; Kitchener, Andrew C.; Koepfli, Klaus-Peter; Krofel, Miha; Moehlman, Patricia D.; Senn, Helen; Sillero-Zubiri, Claudio; Viranta, Suvi; Werhahn, Geraldine (2019). "Old World Canis spp. with taxonomic ambiguity: Workshop conclusions and recommendations. CIBIO. Vairão, Portugal, 28th - 30th May 2019" (PDF). IUCN/SSC Canid Specialist Group. Retrieved 6 March 2020.

[Castello2018a-3] Castelló, José R. (2018). "Ch2-Wolf-like Canids". Canids of the World: Wolves, Wild Dogs, Foxes, Jackals, Coyotes, and Their Relatives (Princeton Field Guides). Princeton University Press. pp. 160–165. ISBN 978-0691176857.

[MDD-4] "Mammal Diversity Database". American Society of Mammalogists. Retrieved 28 December 2020.

[iucn-5] Hoffmann, M. (2014). "Canis adustus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2014: e.T3753A46254734. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T3753A46254734.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.

[Viranta2017-6] Viranta, Suvi; Atickem, Anagaw; Werdelin, Lars; Stenseth, Nils Chr. (2017). "Rediscovering a forgotten canid species". BMC Zoology. 2. doi:10.1186/s40850-017-0015-0. hdl:10852/55258.

[lindblad-toh2005-7] K. Lindblad-Toh, C. M. Wade, T. S. Mikkelsen, E. K. Karlsson, D. B. Jaffe, M. Kamal, M. Clamp, J. L. Chang, E. J. Kulbokas, M. C. Zody, E. Mauceli, X. Xie, M. Breen, R. K. Wayne, E. A. Ostrander, C. P. Ponting, F. Galibert, D. R. Smith, P. J. Dejong, E. Kirkness, P. Alvarez, T. Biagi, W. Brockman, J. Butler, C. W. Chin, A. Cook, J. Cuff, M. J. Daly, D. Decaprio e S. Gnerre, Genome sequence, comparative analysis and haplotype structure of the domestic dog, in Nature, vol. 438, nº 7069, 2005, pp. 803–819, Bibcode:2005Natur.438..803L, DOI:10.1038/nature04338, PMID 16341006.

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